The Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) Ratio as a Risk Marker for Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease
doi.org
Atherosclerosis is an immunoinflammatory pathological procedure in which lipid plaques are formed in the vessel walls, partially or completely occluding the lumen, and is accountable for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). ACSVD consists of three components: coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral vascular disease (PAD) and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD). A disturbed lipid metabolism and the subsequent dyslipidemia significantly contribute to the formation of plaques, with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) being the main responsible factor. Nonetheless, even when LDL-C is well regulated, mainly with statin therapy, a residual risk for CVD still occurs, and it is attributable to the disturbances of other lipid components, namely triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Increased plasma TG and decreased HDL-C levels have been associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CVD, and their ratio, TG/HDL-C, has been proposed as a novel biomarker for predicting the risk of both clinical entities. Under these terms, this review will present and discuss the current scientific and clinical data linking the TG/HDL-C ratio with the presence of MetS and CVD, including CAD, PAD and CCVD, in an effort to prove the value of the TG/HDL-C ratio as a valuable predictor for each aspect of CVD.

TLDR - Justifying the TG/HDL ratio as a measure of insulin resistance. The importance of this cannot be over stated, since TG and HDL are part of standard lipid panels it means we have a readily available way to determine people’s insulin sensitivity right now without needing special tests. (93% of USA people have insulin resistance)

Atherosclerosis is an immunoinflammatory pathological procedure in which lipid plaques are formed in the vessel walls, partially or completely occluding the lumen, and is accountable for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). ACSVD consists of three components: coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral vascular disease (PAD) and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD). A disturbed lipid metabolism and the subsequent dyslipidemia significantly contribute to the formation of plaques, with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) being the main responsible factor. Nonetheless, even when LDL-C is well regulated, mainly with statin therapy, a residual risk for CVD still occurs, and it is attributable to the disturbances of other lipid components, namely triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Increased plasma TG and decreased HDL-C levels have been associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CVD, and their ratio, TG/HDL-C, has been proposed as a novel biomarker for predicting the risk of both clinical entities. Under these terms, this review will present and discuss the current scientific and clinical data linking the TG/HDL-C ratio with the presence of MetS and CVD, including CAD, PAD and CCVD, in an effort to prove the value of the TG/HDL-C ratio as a valuable predictor for each aspect of CVD.

https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13050929

Full paper at url

  • jetOPMAEnglish
    2·
    23 hours ago

    Notes:

    MetS - Metabolic Syndrome

    A good review of 5 studies that used the TG/HDL ratio to verify MetS in patient populations.

    these cut-off values demonstrated great sensitivity and specificity regardless of the ethnicity or age of the participants, although the black race showed lower values of the TG/HDL-C ratio, compared with other ethnic groups

    The aforementioned ratio cannot be considered an absolute parameter without calibration.

    In a study conducted in a geriatric Chinese population, it was demonstrated that the TG/HDL-C ratio was an excellent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

    higher TG/HDL-C ratio is linked to the presence of small-dense LDL particles, which are highly atherogenic.

    I’d say atherogenic only in the context of insulin resistance, It would be nice if the paper mentioned the ongoing research into LMHRs

    The paper basically goes over every cardiovascular risk area and lists the research showing TG/HDL is indicative of insulin resistance… it is.

    There is ample evidence supporting the association of TG and HDL-C with stroke.

    The TG/HDL-C ratio is closely related to insulin resistance and central obesity, and thus to metabolic syndrome.

    the TG/HLC-C ratio has been proven to be an excellent novel risk marker for effectively predicting the risk for MetS and CVD.

    Summary

    Great survey paper, easy read, kinda repetitive, but in no instance was a area of CVD not associated with a elevated TG/HDL ratio.